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Evaluation of the influence of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on air quality in southern China from long-term

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1460-0

摘要：

•Strong ENSO influence on AOD is found in southern China region.

关键词： El Niño–Southern Oscillation     Aerosol concentration     Aerosol particle size     Contribution separation     Decadal trend     Southern China    

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CMIP5模式在东亚-西北太平洋地区的鲁棒性分析

周天军, 陈晓龙, 吴波, 郭准, 孙咏, 邹立维, 满文敏, 张丽霞, 何超

《工程（英文）》 2017年 第3卷 第5期   页码 773-778 doi: 10.1016/J.ENG.2017.05.018

摘要：
耦合模式比较计划（CMIP）是气候模拟研究领域的重要国际合作平台，服务于气候模式比较、气候变率、气候预测和气候预估。改善气候模式在东亚和西北太平洋地区的模拟性能，一直是气候模式领域面临的一项挑战。针对第五次耦合模式比较计划（CMIP5）中的气候模式，本文提供了综合鲁棒性分析。本文从气候平均态、年际变率、中上新世（MP）和过去千年的历史气候变化、气候预估的角度，对CMIP5 模式的优缺点进行了评估。另外，还评估了区域气候模式相对于驱动其运行的全球气候模式带来的模拟增值。从CMIP3 到CMIP5，模式的可信度明显提高，气候平均态、年际变率和过去气候变化的模拟情况有所改善，但在CMIP5 模式中，一些之前已知的偏差，如西北太平洋副热带高压脊线的位置和与之相关的降水偏差等，仍然很明显。对于年际振幅的模拟也存在明显的缺陷，如厄尔尼诺- 南方涛动（ENSO）与季风的关系。在模拟平均气候态和年际变率时，耦合模式的表现通常优于单独大气模式。多模式比较的结果表明，尽管在克劳修斯- 克拉珀龙方程约束下模式预估的降水一致增加，但未来气候预估仍存在明显的不确定性。对东亚- 西北太平洋地区的动力降尺度预估而言，区域海洋- 大气耦合模式是一个较好的选择。

关键词： 东亚季风     西北太平洋气候     厄尔尼诺-南方涛动     过去的气候变化     气候预估     耦合气候模式     区域气候模式    

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Effects of MgO promoter on properties of Ni/Al2O3 catalysts for partial oxidation of methane to syngas

QIU Yejun, CHEN Jixiang, ZHANG Jiyan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2007年 第1卷 第2期   页码 167-171 doi: 10.1007/s11705-007-0031-7

摘要： The effects of MgO promoter on the physico-chemical properties and catalytic performance of Ni/AlO catalysts for the partial oxidation of methane to syngas were studied by means of BET, XRD, H-TPR, TEM and performance evaluation. It was found that the MgO promoter benefited from the uniformity of nickel species in the catalysts, inhibited the formation of NiAlO spinel and improved the interaction between nickel species and support. These results were related to the formation of NiO MgO solid solution and MgAlO spinel. Moreover, for the catalysts with a proper amount of MgO promoter, the nickel dispersiveness was enhanced, therefore making their catalytic performance in methane partial oxidation improved. However, the excessive MgO promoter exerted a negative effect on the catalytic performance. Meanwhile, the basicity of MgO promoted the reversed water gas shift reaction, which led to an increase in CO selectivity and a decrease in H2 selectivity. The suitable content of MgO promoter in Ni/AlO catalyst was ?7 wt-%.

关键词： excessive     selectivity     decrease     dispersiveness     physico-chemical    

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CH4 and N2O emissions from double-rice cropping system as affected by Chinese milkvetch and straw incorporation in southern China

Heshui XU,Dengyun LI,Bo ZHU,Kai ZHANG,Yadong YANG,Chen WANG,Ying JIANG,Zhaohai ZENG

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第1期   页码 59-68 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2017137

摘要： Chinese milk vetch (CMV) and rice straw (RS) were incorporated into soil to substitute for synthetic N fertilizers and to maintain soil fertility. However, little is known about the integrated impacts of CMV and RS incorporation on CH and N O emissions in double-rice cropping systems in southern China. A field experiment was conducted to estimate the integrated impacts of CMV and RS incorporation in the early- and late-rice seasons on CH and N O emissions. All treatments received uniform N inputs, 6%–37% of which was replaced by CMV and RS crop residue. CMV and/or RS incorporation produced equivalent or slightly more grain yield, while reducing N O emissions by 3%–43%. However, both CMV and RS incorporation increased CH emissions. Annual CH emissions ranged from 321 to 614 kg·hm from CMV and RS amendment treatments, which were 1.5–2.9 times higher than that from synthetic N. Compared with single synthetic N fertilizer, incorporation of CMV and/or RS increased GWP and yield-scaled GWP by 45%–164% and 45%–153%, respectively. Our results demonstrate CMV and RS amendments replacing N fertilizer, maintained stable yield, mitigated N O emission, but enhanced CH emission. Further study is needed on crop residue management in double-cropping rice systems.

关键词： Chinese milk vetch     CH4     double-rice cropping system     grain yield     N2O     rice straw    

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Catalytic hydrolysis of gaseous HCN over Cu–Ni/γ-Al

Linxia Yan, Senlin Tian, Jian Zhou, Xin Yuan

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-016-0872-8

摘要： ? The Cu–Ni/γ-Al O catalyst was prepared to study HCN hydrolysis ? On catalyst calcined at 400°C, the HCN removal efficiency reaches a maximum. ? HCN removal is the highest at 480 min at a H O/HCN volume ratio of 150 ? The presence of CO facilitates HCN hydrolysis and increases NH production. ? O increases the HCN removal and NO production but decreases NH production GRAPHIC ABSTRACT To decompose efficiently hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in exhaust gas, g-Al O -supported bimetallic-based Cu–Ni catalyst was prepared by incipient-wetness impregnation method. The effects of the calcination temperature, H O/HCN volume ratio, reaction temperature, and the presence of CO or O on the HCN removal efficiency on the Cu–Ni/g-Al O catalyst were investigated. To examine further the efficiency of HCN hydrolysis, degradation products were analyzed. The results indicate that the HCN removal efficiency increases and then decreases with increasing calcination temperature and H O/HCN volume ratio. On catalyst calcined at 400°C, the efficiency reaches a maximum close to 99% at 480 min at a H O/HCN volume ratio of 150. The HCN removal efficiency increases with increasing reaction temperature within the range of 100°C–500°C and reaches a maximum at 500°C. This trend may be attributed to the endothermicity of HCN hydrolysis; increasing the temperature favors HCN hydrolysis. However, the removal efficiencies increases very few at 500°C compared with that at 400°C. To conserve energy in industrial operations, 400°C is deemed as the optimal reaction temperature. The presence of CO facilitates HCN hydrolysis andincreases NH production. O substantially increases the HCN removal efficiency and NO production but decreases NH production.

关键词： Hydrogen cyanide     Cu–Ni/g-Al2O3     Catalytic hydrolysis    

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基于过滤—群聚注意力的低光增强递归网络 Research Article

Fatma KHALLAF1,2, Walid EL-SHAFAI1,3, El-Sayed M. EL-RABAIE1, Naglaa F. SOLIMAN4, Fathi E.Abd EL-SAMIE4

《信息与电子工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第24卷 第7期   页码 1045-1061 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2200372

摘要： 四元数代数已被应用于分数阶傅里叶变换（FrFT），形成了一种彩色图像处理的常用方法。然而，具有充分基本随机性的离散分数阶随机变换（DFRNT）仍有待研究。本文提出一种基于离散四元数分数阶傅里叶变换（DQFrFT）水印和三维混沌逻辑映射（3D-CLM）加密的彩色医学图像多级隐私系统。首先，描述了四元数DFRNT（QDFRNT），其将DFRNT推广用于四元数信号的有效处理，然后将QDFRNT应用于彩色医学图像自适应水印。为有效评估QDFRNT，本文推导了QDFRNT四元数信号与DFRNT信号4个分量之间的关系。利用人眼视觉系统（HVS）对彩色宿主图像边缘、纹理和色调的即时掩蔽性，以及QDFRNT彩色医学图像自适应水印和支持向量机（SVM）技术，自适应调整每个块的水印强度。此外，讨论了水印嵌入的约束条件，保持水印能量。其次，采用3D-CLM加密提高系统安全性和效率，使其可以作为多级隐私系统。仿真结果表明，所提出的安全系统能有效抵御多种类型的信道噪声攻击。

关键词： 彩色医学图像；四元数；自适应水印；加密；分数阶变换；三维混沌逻辑映射（3D-CLM）    

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Hydrophobic polyethersulfone porous membranes for membrane distillation

Heba ABDALLAH, Ayman EL-GENDI, Maaly KHEDR, Elham EL-ZANATI

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2015年 第9卷 第1期   页码 84-93 doi: 10.1007/s11705-015-1508-4

摘要： Membrane distillation (MD) is a thermal, vapor-driven transportation process through micro porous hydrophobic membranes that is increasingly being applied to seawater and brine desalination processes. Two types of hydrophobic microporous polyethersulfone flat sheet membranes, namely, annealed polyethersulfone and a polyethersulfone/tetraethoxysilane (PES/TEOS) blend were prepared by a phase inversion process. The membranes were characterized and their performances were investigated using the vacuum membrane distillation of an aqueous NaCl solution. The performances of the prepared membranes were also compared with two commercially available hydrophobic membranes, polytetrafluorethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride. The influence of operational parameters such as feed temperature (25–65 °C), permeate vacuum pressure (200–800 mbar), feed flow rate (8–22 mL/s) and feed salt concentration (3000 to 35000 mg/L) on the MD permeation flux were investigated for the four membranes. The hydrophobic PES/TEOS membrane had the highest salt rejection (99.7%) and permeate flux (86 kg/m ·h) at 65 °C, with a feed of 7000 ppm and a pressure of 200 mbar.

关键词： membrane distillation     hydrophobic membrane     salt rejection     permeate flux    

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铝电解用Fe-Ni-Co-Al2O3金属陶瓷惰性阳极

邱竹贤,石忠宁,徐君莉

《中国工程科学》 2004年 第6卷 第8期   页码 35-39

摘要：

研制了一种新型铝电解金属陶瓷惰性阳极，阳极基体由Fe-Ni-CoAl2O3构成。mm，石墨阴极尺寸大小为120 mm×40 mm×20 mm，通入的直流电为100～300 A，电解时间各为10 h；实验所得的电解铝产品纯度达到98%以上，杂质主要为Fe，Ni阳极的反电动势为2.45 V，比理论分解电压仅高出0.25 V证明该阳极为惰性阳极，在电解槽中进行的是Al2O3的分解反应。

关键词： 铝电解     惰性阳极     反电动势    

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Efficient degradation of orange II by ZnMn

Qingzhuo Ni, Hao Cheng, Jianfeng Ma, Yong Kong, Sridhar Komarneni

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第6期   页码 956-966 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1907-z

摘要： A ZnMn O catalyst has been synthesized via a sucrose-aided combustion method and characterized by various analytical techniques. It is composed of numerous nanoparticles (15–110 nm) assembled into a porous structure with a specific surface area (SSA) of 19.1 m ·g . Its catalytic activity has been investigated for the degradation of orange II dye using three different systems, i.e., the photocatalysis system with visible light, the chemocatalysis system with bisulfite, and the photo-chemical catalysis system with both visible light and bisulfite. The last system exhibits the maximum degradation efficiency of 90%, much higher than the photocatalysis system (15%) and the chemocatalysis system (67%). The recycling experiments indicate that the ZnMn O catalyst has high stability and reusability and is thus a green and eximious catalyst. Furthermore, the potential degradation mechanisms applicable to the three systems are discussed with relevant theoretical analysis and scavenging experiments for radicals. The active species such as Mn(III), O , h , e , SO and HO are proposed to be responsible for the excellent degradation results in the photo-chemical catalysis system with the ZnMn O catalyst.

关键词： ZnMn2O4     photo-chemical catalysis     bisulfite     dye degradation    

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CO2 methanation and co-methanation of CO and CO2 over Mn-promoted Ni/Al2O3 catalysts

Kechao Zhao,Zhenhua Li,Li Bian

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第2期   页码 273-280 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1563-5

摘要： A series of Mn-promoted 15 wt-% Ni/Al O catalysts were prepared by an incipient wetness impregnation method. The effect of the Mn content on the activity of the Ni/Al O catalysts for CO methanation and the co-methanation of CO and CO in a fixed-bed reactor was investigated. The catalysts were characterized by N physisorption, hydrogen temperature-programmed reduction and desorption, carbon dioxide temperature-programmed desorption, X-ray diffraction and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The presence of Mn increased the number of CO adsorption sites and inhibited Ni particle agglomeration due to improved Ni dispersion and weakened interactions between the nickel species and the support. The Mn-promoted 15 wt-% Ni/Al O catalysts had improved CO methanation activity especially at low temperatures (250 to 400 °C). The Mn content was varied from 0.86% to 2.54% and the best CO conversion was achieved with the 1.71Mn-Ni/Al O catalyst. The co-methanation tests on the 1.71Mn-Ni/Al O catalyst indicated that adding Mn markedly enhanced the CO methanation activity especially at low temperatures but it had little influence on the CO methanation performance. CO methanation was more sensitive to the reaction temperature and the space velocity than the CO methanation in the co-methanation process.

关键词： Mn promotion     nickel catalysts     CO2 methanation     co-methanation of CO and CO2    

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Numerical analysis of strongly nonlinear oscillation systems using He’s max-min method

H. BABAZADEH, G. DOMAIRRY, A. BARARI, R. AZAMI, A. G. DAVODI

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第6卷 第4期   页码 435-441 doi: 10.1007/s11465-011-0243-x

摘要：

Nonlinear functions are crucial points and terms in engineering problems. Actual and physical problems can be solved by solving and processing such functions. Thus, most scientists and engineers focus on solving these equations. This paper presents a novel method called the max-min method for presenting an accurate approximate analytical solution to strong nonlinear oscillators. It can solve many linear or nonlinear differential equations without the tangible restriction of sensitivity to the degree of the nonlinear term. It is also quite convenient due to the reduction in the size of calculations. The algorithm suggests a promising approach and is systematically illustrated step by step.

关键词： min-max method     nonlinear oscillation     duffing equation     mathematical pendulum     He’s energy balance method    

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Parametric oscillation of cables and aerodynamic effect

Yong XIA, Jing ZHANG, Youlin XU, Yozo FUJINO,

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2010年 第4卷 第3期   页码 321-325 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0028-z

摘要： This paper addresses the aerodynamic effect on the nonlinear oscillation, particularly parametric vibration of cables in cable-stayed bridges. A simplified 2-DOF model, including a beam and a stayed cable, is formulated first. Response of the cable under global harmonic excitation which is associated with wind speed is obtained using the multiple scales method. Via numerical analysis, the stability condition of the cable in terms of wind speed is derived. The method is applied to a numerical example and a long-span bridge to analyze its all stay cables. It is demonstrated that very large vibration at one of the longest cables in the middle span of the bridge can be parametrically excited when the wind speed is over around 210 km/h (58.5 m/s).

关键词： parametric vibration     cables     cable-stayed bridge     nonlinear vibration    

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DQB1*060101 may contribute to susceptibility to immunoglobulin A nephropathy in southern Han Chinese

null

《医学前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 507-516 doi: 10.1007/s11684-016-0475-6

摘要：

Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is a common form of chronic glomerulonephritis with unknown pathogenesis. Accumulating evidences have shown the ethnic-specific association between certain human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles and IgAN susceptibility. This study was designed to explore the relationship between HLA-DQB1 alleles and disease susceptibility and clinical manifestations of patients with IgAN in southern Han Chinese. A PCR sequence-based typing technique was used to detect HLA-DQB1 alleles in 217 IgAN patients and 229 healthy subjects. Clinical data were collected from each patient at the time of renal biopsy. Twenty HLA-DQB1 alleles were detected in IgAN patients and healthy subjects. High frequency of HLA-DQB1*060101 and low frequency of HLA-DQB1*030101 were observed in IgAN patients compared with healthy controls. Further stratification analysis revealed that the frequency of DQB1*060101 was significantly higher in patients with urine protein≥1.0 g/24 h than in patients with urine protein<1.0 g/24 h. In combination with our previous DRB1 results, we also analyzed the association of DRB1-DQB1 haplotypes with IgAN. We found that the frequency of haplotype DRB1*090102-DQB1*060101 was significantly higher [odds ratio (OR) = 4.409, Pc = 0.016], whereas that of HLA-DRB1*070101-DQB1*020101 was significantly lower (OR= 0.194, Pc = 0.016) compared with healthy controls. Our study indicated that HLA-DQB1*060101 alleles may be a potential predictor of high-risk IgAN susceptibility in Chinese Han population.

关键词： DQB1     human leukocyte antigen (HLA)     IgA nephropathy     haplotype     association study    

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In situ-based assessment of soil liquefaction potential–Case study of an earth dam in Tunisia

Ikram GUETTAYA,Mohamed Ridha EL OUNI

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第4期   页码 456-461 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0259-5

摘要： The present paper examines the evaluation of liquefaction potential of an earth dam foundation in Tunisia. The assessment of soil liquefaction was made using deterministic and probabilistic simplified procedures developed from several case histories. The data collected from the field investigation performed before and after the vibrocompaction are analyzed and the results are reported. The obtained results show that after vibrocompaction, a significant improvement of the soil resistance reduces the liquefaction potential of the sandy foundation. Indeed, in the untreated layers, the factor of safety drops below 1 which means that the soil is susceptible for liquefaction. However, in the compacted horizons, the values of exceed the unit which justifies the absence of liquefaction hazard of the foundation.

关键词： liquefaction     cone penetration test (CPT)     standard penetration test (SPT)     vibrcompaction     sand    

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Cadmium pollution from phosphate fertilizers in arable soils and crops: an overview

null

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第6卷 第4期   页码 419-430 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2019273

摘要：

The application of mineral and organic phosphorus fertilizers to arable land has greatly increased crop yield to meet the world food demand. On the other hand, impurities in these fertilizers, such as heavy metals, are being added to agricultural soils, resulting both from the raw materials themselves and the processes used to obtain the final product. Cadmium, a non-essential and toxic heavy metal, has been found in relatively high amounts in common P fertilizers obtained from sediments. This metal poses a high risk for soil fertility, crop cultivation, and plants in general. Furthermore, human health might be compromised by the cadmium concentrations in agricultural and livestock products, due to the bioaccumulation effect in the food web. The accumulation in the different matrixes is the result of the high mobility and flexible availability of this harmful metal. This review summarizes risks to human health, the factors influencing cadmium movement in soils and crop uptake, as well as common plant responses to its toxicity. In addition, it summarizes cadmium balances in soils, trends, long-term experiments, and further studies. Cadmium inputs and outputs in arable soil, together with their calculated concentrations, are compared between two different regions: the European countries (in particular Germany) and China. The comparison appears useful because of the different proportions in the inputs and outputs of cadmium, and the diverse geographical, environmental and social factors. Moreover, these variables and their influences on cadmium contamination improve the understanding of the pollution from phosphate fertilizers and will help to establish future mitigation policies.

关键词： soil pollution     arable land     crop production     cadmium balance     P fertilizer     cadmium toxicity    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Evaluation of the influence of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on air quality in southern China from long-term

期刊论文

CMIP5模式在东亚-西北太平洋地区的鲁棒性分析

周天军, 陈晓龙, 吴波, 郭准, 孙咏, 邹立维, 满文敏, 张丽霞, 何超

期刊论文

Effects of MgO promoter on properties of Ni/Al2O3 catalysts for partial oxidation of methane to syngas

QIU Yejun, CHEN Jixiang, ZHANG Jiyan

期刊论文

CH4 and N2O emissions from double-rice cropping system as affected by Chinese milkvetch and straw incorporation in southern China

Heshui XU,Dengyun LI,Bo ZHU,Kai ZHANG,Yadong YANG,Chen WANG,Ying JIANG,Zhaohai ZENG

期刊论文

Catalytic hydrolysis of gaseous HCN over Cu–Ni/γ-Al

Linxia Yan, Senlin Tian, Jian Zhou, Xin Yuan

期刊论文

基于过滤—群聚注意力的低光增强递归网络

Fatma KHALLAF1,2, Walid EL-SHAFAI1,3, El-Sayed M. EL-RABAIE1, Naglaa F. SOLIMAN4, Fathi E.Abd EL-SAMIE4

期刊论文

Hydrophobic polyethersulfone porous membranes for membrane distillation

Heba ABDALLAH, Ayman EL-GENDI, Maaly KHEDR, Elham EL-ZANATI

期刊论文

铝电解用Fe-Ni-Co-Al2O3金属陶瓷惰性阳极

邱竹贤,石忠宁,徐君莉

期刊论文

Efficient degradation of orange II by ZnMn

Qingzhuo Ni, Hao Cheng, Jianfeng Ma, Yong Kong, Sridhar Komarneni

期刊论文

CO2 methanation and co-methanation of CO and CO2 over Mn-promoted Ni/Al2O3 catalysts

Kechao Zhao,Zhenhua Li,Li Bian

期刊论文

Numerical analysis of strongly nonlinear oscillation systems using He’s max-min method

H. BABAZADEH, G. DOMAIRRY, A. BARARI, R. AZAMI, A. G. DAVODI

期刊论文

Parametric oscillation of cables and aerodynamic effect

Yong XIA, Jing ZHANG, Youlin XU, Yozo FUJINO,

期刊论文

DQB1*060101 may contribute to susceptibility to immunoglobulin A nephropathy in southern Han Chinese

null

期刊论文

In situ-based assessment of soil liquefaction potential–Case study of an earth dam in Tunisia

Ikram GUETTAYA,Mohamed Ridha EL OUNI

期刊论文

Cadmium pollution from phosphate fertilizers in arable soils and crops: an overview

null

期刊论文